In general, information available as of 1 January, 2004
was used in the preparation of The World Factbook.

This page was last updated on 10 February, 2005

Legend: Definition Field Listing Rank Order

Introduction

Navassa Island

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Background:

This uninhabited island was claimed by the US in 1857 for its guano. Mining took place between 1865 and 1898. The lighthouse, built in 1917, was shut down in 1996 and administration of Navassa Island transferred from the Coast Guard to the Department of the Interior. A 1998 scientific expedition to the island described it as a unique preserve of Caribbean biodiversity; the following year it became a National Wildlife Refuge and annual scientific expeditions have continued.

Geography

Navassa Island

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Location:	Caribbean, island in the Caribbean Sea, 35 miles west of Tiburon Peninsula of Haiti
Geographic coordinates:	18 25 N, 75 02 W
Map references:	Central America and the Caribbean
Area:	total: 5.4 sq km land: 5.4 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative:	about nine times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Land boundaries:	0 km
Coastline:	8 km
Maritime claims:	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Climate:	marine, tropical
Terrain:	raised coral and limestone plateau, flat to undulating; ringed by vertical white cliffs (9 to 15 m high)
Elevation extremes:	lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: unnamed location on southwest side 77 m
Natural resources:	guano
Land use:	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2001)
Irrigated land:	0 sq km (1998 est.)
Natural hazards:	NA
Environment - current issues:	NA
Geography - note:	strategic location 160 km south of the US Naval Base at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba; mostly exposed rock but with enough grassland to support goat herds; dense stands of fig-like trees, scattered cactus

People

Navassa Island

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Population:

uninhabited note: transient Haitian fishermen and others camp on the island (July 2004 est.)

Government

Navassa Island

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Country name:	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Navassa Island
Dependency status:	unincorporated territory of the US; administered by the Fish and Wildlife Service, US Department of the Interior, from the Caribbean Islands National Wildlife Refuge in Boqueron, Puerto Rico; in September 1996, the Coast Guard ceased operations and maintenance of Navassa Island Light, a 46-meter-tall lighthouse on the southern side of the island; there has also been a private claim advanced against the island
Legal system:	the laws of the US, where applicable, apply
Flag description:	the flag of the US is used

Economy

Navassa Island

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Economy - overview:

Subsistence fishing and commercial trawling activities within refuge waters.

Transportation

Navassa Island

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Ports and harbors:

none; offshore anchorage only

Military

Navassa Island

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Military - note:

defense is the responsibility of the US

Transnational Issues

Navassa Island

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Disputes - international:

claimed by Haiti, source of subsistence fishing

This page was last updated on 10 February, 2005